selfpost/deploy/docker-compose.yml

# SelfPost — default deployment, reverse-proxy = Apache.
#
# This file only runs SelfPost itself. Apache is assumed to already be installed
# on the HOST (the target audience for this project typically runs Apache there
# already) and reverse-proxies HTTPS for the panel; it is not containerised
# here. See ../apache/selfpost-vhost.conf for a ready vhost fragment, and
# docs/guide.md "Reverse proxy (mandatory)" for the certbot steps that produce the PEM files
# this compose file mounts.
#
# Usage:
#   1. Copy this file (and .env.example as .env) next to your own ./data and
#      ./certs directories, or adjust the paths below.
#   2. Fill in .env (at minimum SELFPOST_HOSTNAME). Put PEM files in ./certs —
#      TLS paths are fixed in this file to match that bind mount, not .env.
#   3. docker compose up -d
#
# The image tag below is FIXED on purpose: backup restore compares the manifest
# version against the running binary's version, so ":latest" would make that
# check meaningless. Bump the tag deliberately when you want to upgrade.
# The 2.x line is not on ghcr.io yet: build it locally under this exact name
# (README, Quick start) and Compose will use it without pulling.

services:
  selfpost:
    image: ghcr.io/mixeme/selfpost:2.12.0
    restart: unless-stopped
    environment:
      SELFPOST_HOSTNAME: "${SELFPOST_HOSTNAME:?set the mail/panel hostname, e.g. mail.example.com}"
      # Path Postfix reads inside the container — matches the certs bind mount
      # below. Point these at your reverse-proxy's PEM output.
      TLS_CERT_FILE: /etc/postfix/tls/fullchain.pem
      TLS_KEY_FILE: /etc/postfix/tls/privkey.pem
      # Set to true to also publish RFC 6409 submission (587/STARTTLS) alongside
      # the primary 465/smtps listener.
      SUBMISSION_ENABLE: "${SUBMISSION_ENABLE:-false}"
      INBOUND_RELAY_ENABLE: "${INBOUND_RELAY_ENABLE:-false}"
      DMARC_REPORTS_ENABLE: "${DMARC_REPORTS_ENABLE:-false}"
      DMARC_RATE_LIMIT_MESSAGES_PER_IP: "${DMARC_RATE_LIMIT_MESSAGES_PER_IP:-20}"
      DMARC_MESSAGE_SIZE_LIMIT: "${DMARC_MESSAGE_SIZE_LIMIT:-5242880}"
      INBOUND_ANTISPAM_MILTER: "${INBOUND_ANTISPAM_MILTER:-}"
      INBOUND_ANTISPAM_MILTER_ACTION: "${INBOUND_ANTISPAM_MILTER_ACTION:-accept}"
      INBOUND_RATE_LIMIT_MESSAGES_PER_IP: "${INBOUND_RATE_LIMIT_MESSAGES_PER_IP:-20}"
      INBOUND_MESSAGE_SIZE_LIMIT: "${INBOUND_MESSAGE_SIZE_LIMIT:-26214400}"
      # Level-1 backstop rate limit (anvil); per-domain/app limits (level 2) are
      # configured later from the panel itself.
      RATE_LIMIT_MESSAGES_PER_IP: "${RATE_LIMIT_MESSAGES_PER_IP:-100}"
      RATE_LIMIT_WINDOW_SECONDS: "${RATE_LIMIT_WINDOW_SECONDS:-3600}"
      # How long the send log keeps rows before the background sweep deletes
      # them — the main driver of /data growth over time.
      SEND_LOG_RETENTION_DAYS: "${SEND_LOG_RETENTION_DAYS:-90}"
      INBOUND_SPAM_LOG_RETENTION_DAYS: "${INBOUND_SPAM_LOG_RETENTION_DAYS:-90}"
      # Sliding idle timeout for the panel login session, in days.
      PANEL_SESSION_IDLE_DAYS: "${PANEL_SESSION_IDLE_DAYS:-7}"
      # Resolvers the panel's PTR/SPF/DKIM/DMARC checks query directly, so they
      # report what the internet sees rather than what this host's own stub
      # resolver synthesises. Empty uses public defaults.
      SELFPOST_DNS_RESOLVERS: "${SELFPOST_DNS_RESOLVERS:-}"
      # The zone of every time the panel shows and of mail.log's stamps, e.g.
      # Europe/Moscow. Empty is UTC.
      TZ: "${TZ:-}"
      # Reverse-proxy CIDRs allowed to supply X-Forwarded-For for login/setup
      # rate-limiting. See docs/guide.md "Environment variables" — wrong value lets a
      # client spoof its rate-limit key.
      TRUSTED_PROXY_CIDR: "${TRUSTED_PROXY_CIDR:-}"
    volumes:
      # All persistent state lives under /data: SQLite DB, DKIM keys, sasldb2,
      # sender map, setup token. Back this up (panel button or the
      # selfpost-backup CLI) before you touch it directly. Postfix's mail.log is
      # here too (./data/log, rotated daily, 14 files kept) so the delivery
      # lines that resolve a queued send-log row survive a container recreate;
      # it is diagnostics and is left out of backups.
      - ./data:/data
      # Read-only project root for full backups: docker-compose.yml, .env, and
      # certs/ are archived alongside /data (architecture.md § Persistence).
      - .:/selfpost-deploy:ro
      # Read-only: SelfPost only ever reads certificates, never manages them.
      # ./certs holds fullchain.pem and privkey.pem: the files themselves, or
      # links to where your reverse proxy's certbot keeps them.
      - ./certs:/etc/postfix/tls:ro
      # With certbot on the host (docs/guide.md, "Reverse proxy (mandatory)", Apache):
      # certs/ holds links into /etc/letsencrypt/live/, and certbot's live/
      # files are themselves relative links into archive/ - so the whole
      # directory is mounted, at the same path, for the links to lead
      # somewhere inside the container. Uncomment it then.
      # - /etc/letsencrypt:/etc/letsencrypt:ro
    ports:
      # 465 (smtps, primary) and optionally 587 (submission/STARTTLS) are
      # published directly — mail traffic bypasses Apache entirely, it only ever
      # proxies the panel's HTTP(S). The panel itself (8080) is intentionally
      # NOT published here: Apache reaches it over the host network at
      # 127.0.0.1:8080 (see the vhost fragment), so the panel is never directly
      # reachable from the internet without TLS.
      - "465:465"
      # 587 is mapped even when SUBMISSION_ENABLE=false; Postfix listens only
      # when the variable is true — see docs/guide.md "Ports".
      - "587:587"
      # 25 is mapped even when INBOUND_RELAY_ENABLE=false; Postfix listens only
      # when the variable is true.
      - "25:25"
      - "127.0.0.1:8080:8080"
    # Hardening. SelfPost's entrypoint still needs to run as
    # root very briefly to fix /data ownership and normalise permissions
    # under the shared `selfpost` group (see build/entrypoint.sh) before
    # supervisord drops the panel to an unprivileged user — so this cannot be
    # `user: panel` or a fully read-only rootfs without breaking that startup
    # self-healing. What IS applied: no privilege escalation past what the
    # image already grants, and every Linux capability dropped except the
    # small set the root startup phase and Postfix genuinely need:
    #   - NET_BIND_SERVICE — bind 465/587 and inbound 25 below 1024;
    #   - CHOWN            — entrypoint re-owns /data (bind mount) to `panel`;
    #   - FOWNER           — entrypoint then chmods those now panel-owned /data
    #                        dirs/files while still root (owner-check bypass);
    #   - FSETID           — set the setgid bit (2750) on the shared /data dirs
    #                        when the process gid differs from the dir's group;
    #   - SETUID/SETGID    — supervisord drops the panel to the unprivileged
    #                        `panel` user; Postfix switches to its own users;
    #   - DAC_OVERRIDE     — cross-user file access within the `selfpost` group.
    #   - KILL             — root signals processes of other uids: supervisord
    #                        stops and restarts the panel (supervisor 4.2.5,
    #                        supervisor/process.py:467, options.kill()), and
    #                        Postfix's master ends its children, which run as
    #                        `postfix` (Postfix 3.10.13, src/master/master_sig.c:196,
    #                        master_sigdeath(); master_spawn.c:365,
    #                        master_delete_children()). Without it kill() fails
    #                        with EPERM although the caller is root (kill(2),
    #                        capabilities(7); measured on the test server
    #                        2026-10-16: root with SETUID/SETGID and no KILL
    #                        cannot kill a process of uid 65534). Until 2.8.0
    #                        it also carried OpenDKIM's USR1 reload.
    # FOWNER/FSETID are required by build/entrypoint.sh's permission
    # self-healing; without them chmod fails with EPERM and the container
    # crash-loops on start.
    # Each capability above as capabilities(7) defines it (man7.org,
    # "Capabilities list"); SETUID/SETGID are also what pipe(8) uses to become
    # user=panel for dmarc-ingest. Not listed, so dropped: SYS_CHROOT, which
    # chroot(2) needs - build/postfix-config.sh turns Postfix's chroot off.
    # no-new-privileges only changes execve() (Linux,
    # Documentation/userspace-api/no_new_privs.rst): root may still call
    # setuid()/setgid() with these capabilities.
    security_opt:
      - no-new-privileges:true
    cap_drop:
      - ALL
    cap_add:
      - NET_BIND_SERVICE
      - CHOWN
      - FOWNER
      - FSETID
      - SETUID
      - SETGID
      - DAC_OVERRIDE
      - KILL